Date: September 2025
Author: Santiago Cavo Núñez
Supervisor: Guillermo del Campo Jiménez (Tutor, UPM)
School: Technical School of Telecommunication Engineering (ETSIT-UPM)
Program: Master’s Degree in Electronic Systems Engineering
Research Group: Home Automation and Energy Efficiency
Type of Work: Master’s Thesis (TFM)
Abstract and Relevant Contributions:
In his Master’s Thesis, Santiago Cavo Núñez designed and developed an Internet of Things (IoT) system for the monitoring and analysis of electrical energy consumption, aimed at improving efficiency, automation, and data-driven decision-making in smart environments.
The project presents a complete IoT architecture that integrates sensing, communication, and data processing layers. It uses non-intrusive sensors to collect electrical parameters such as voltage, current, and power in real time. These measurements are transmitted through low-power wireless communication protocols to a central server, where the data are processed, stored, and visualized via a custom web platform.
The system’s hardware is based on an ESP32-S2 microcontroller, chosen for its high performance and integrated Wi-Fi capabilities, ensuring scalability and energy efficiency. The software stack, developed in C/C++ and Python, enables real-time monitoring, alerts, and long-term data analysis to identify consumption patterns and potential inefficiencies.
After laboratory validation, the system demonstrated high reliability, accuracy, and low energy consumption, making it suitable for integration into smart building environments and industrial facilities.
This work contributes to the development of sustainable and connected energy management systems, offering a practical and adaptable solution aligned with the goals of energy efficiency and environmental responsibility promoted by the UPM’s Home Automation and Energy Efficiency Group.